Katia krafft biography for kids

Katia and Maurice Krafft

French volcanologists

Catherine Joséphine "Katia" Krafft (née Conrad; 17 April 1942 – 3 June 1991) and her husband, Maurice Paul Krafft (25 March 1946 – 3 June 1991) were French volcanologists and filmmakers who died in a pyroclastic waft on Mount Unzen, Nagasaki, Gild, on 3 June 1991.

Say publicly Kraffts became well known importance pioneers in the filming, photographing, and recording of volcanoes, frequently coming within feet of privy flows. Their obituary appeared cranium the Bulletin of Volcanology.[1] On account of their deaths, their work has been featured in two movie films by Werner Herzog, Into the Inferno (2016) and The Fire Within: A Requiem leverage Katia and Maurice Krafft (2022), and a further film, Fire of Love (2022), depicted their lives, relationship and careers despise their archived footage.

Early test and education

Katia

Katia Conrad was provincial on 17 April 1942 think it over Guebwiller, France, to Charles be proof against Madeleine Conrad.[1] She graduated spread the University of Strasbourg sign up degrees in physics and chemistry.[2]

Maurice

Maurice Krafft was born on 25 March 1946 in Mulhouse, France.[3] He first became interested occupy volcanoes during a family vacation to Naples and Stromboli during the time that he was seven years old.[1] He joined the Société géologique de France when he was 15, and went on come into contact with study geology, first at leadership University of Besançon, and afterward at the University of Strasbourg.[1]

Together

The two met while students stern the University of Strasbourg, ahead married in 1970.[4][5] The team a few honeymooned at Stromboli, where they photographed its near-continuous eruption.[6] Recognising the public interest in nobleness documentation of volcanic eruptions, they began to make a continuance of filming them.

Career

The Kraffts were often the first telling off arrive at the scene govern an active volcano, and became well known in the volcanologist community.[7] Their footage of leadership effects of volcanic eruptions mess the surrounding areas often laid hold of a considerable part in arrival at the cooperation of local officials faced with volcanic threats.

Later the onset of activity near Mount Pinatubo in the State in 1991, the Kraffts' of the impact of rank 1985 Nevado del Ruizlahar gather Colombia, which had caused loftiness Armero tragedy, was shown strengthen large numbers of people, containing the then president of primacy Philippines, Corazon Aquino, and was attributed to convincing a crowd of sceptics that an retreat of the area was necessary.[8]

Katia started her career by attractive gas samples of volcanoes contemporary documenting eruptions by observing them in person, writing books reposition her findings to fund arrangement trips; her books pioneered a-one new area of volcanic coverage.[9] The Kraffts' close-up footage neat as a new pin volcanic eruptions has been attributed to enhancing geologists' understanding take knowledge of the topic, stretch Katia has been cited makeover a pioneer in the land of female volcanologists.[9] In particularly to their observations, the Kraffts also took measures, gas readings, and samples, often feet decline from pyroclastic and lava flows, and documented how the eruptions affected the local ecosystem.[10] Grandeur Kraffts documented the formation take possession of new volcanoes, in addition be familiar with the effects of acid outburst and ash clouds.[11]

Throughout the Decennary and 1980s, the Kraffts dependable various volcanoes and volcanic eruptions; often Maurice would film them while Katia took photographs.[11] Tight spot 1987, the Kraffts featured distort "The Volcano Watchers", an folio in the sixth season pan the PBS series Nature.[12]

One pageant the Kraffts' final projects was "Understanding Volcanic Hazards and Plummeting Volcanic Risks", in which they produced informational films and pedagogical materials on the science accord volcanic eruptions and the demand of evacuations.[13]

Mount Unzen eruption spreadsheet deaths

Main article: Mount Unzen § 1991 eruption

On 3 June 1991 contempt 4pm local time, Mount Unzen erupted, forming pyroclastic flows avoid rushed down its slopes, insult 43 people including the Kraffts, as well as their double volcanologist Harry Glicken, who difficult to understand accompanied them to observe birth eruption.

On 5 June 1991, the bodies of the Kraffts and Glicken were recovered. Katia and Maurice were found nigh on their rental car, lying embankment by side under a side of pyroclastic ash; Glicken's object was located nearby. The common herd were burned beyond recognition increase in intensity were identified using personal factually, including Maurice's watch and camera.

The bodies' position suggested give it some thought Glicken had attempted to do a runner from the flow, while leadership Kraffts had remained where they were. Material they filmed fanatic the approaching flow was desolated by the volcanic heat.[14][15]

The leftovers of the Kraffts were cremated during a Catholic funeral find ways to help, and were placed at justness Anyo-ji Shrine in Shimabara, which was dedicated to the butts of the 1792 Unzen suitableness and tsunami.[16] Their ashes were subsequently interred at Katia's plot in France.[17]

After his ephemerality, Maurice was quoted in influence Associated Press as stating delay he wanted to die chasing his work "at the appreciation of a volcano."[14]

Legacy

A volcanic pit, M.

and K. Krafft Crater, on the Piton de power point Fournaise volcano in Réunion, Author, is named after the pair. The crater is located livid 21°13′23″S55°43′2″E / 21.22306°S 55.71722°E History -21.22306; 55.71722.[18] Lava erupted be bereaved this crater in March 1998.[19]

The Krafft Medal honours the Kraffts' memory and is awarded now and again four years by the Worldwide Association of Volcanology and Alchemy of the Earth's Interior catch someone who has made key contributions to volcanology through overhaul to communities affected by extrusive activity.[20]

The Centre for the Glance at of Active Volcanoes at nobility University of Hawai'i at Town established a fund remembering leadership Kraffts, the Maurice and Katia Krafft Memorial Fund.

Donations property directed to educate people lecture in countries of high volcanic chance about the hazards active volcanoes pose.[21]

Books

Maurice Krafft

  • Guide des volcans d’Europe : généralités, France, Islande, Italie, Grèce, Allemagne..., Neuchâtel: Delachaux et Niestlé, 1974, 412 pages.
  • Questions à operate volcanologue : Maurice Krafft répond, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, 1981, 231 pages.
  • Les Volcans et leurs secrets, Paris: Nathan, 1984, 63 pages.
  • Le Monde merveilleux des volcans, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, 1981, 58 pages.
  • Les Feux de cold Terre : Histoire de volcans, piece « Découvertes Gallimard » (nº 113), série Sciences et techniques.

    Paris: Gallimard, 1991 (new edition in 2003[22]), 208 pages.

    • Volcanoes: Fire detach from the Earth, "Abrams Discoveries" playoff, New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1993.
    • Volcanoes: Fire from the Earth, 'New Horizons' series, London: River & Hudson, 1993.

Maurice and Katia Krafft

  • À l’assaut des volcans, Islande, Indonésie, Paris: Presses de unemotional Cité, 1975, 112 pages.
  • Preface spawn Eugène Ionesco, Les Volcans, Paris: Draeger-Vilo, 1975, 174 pages.
  • La Fournaise, volcan actif de l’île distribute la Réunion, Saint-Denis: Éditions Roland Benard, 1977, 121 pages.
  • Volcans, beastly réveil de la Terre, Paris: Hachette-Réalités, 1979, 158 pages.
  • Dans l’antre du Diable : volcans d’Afrique, Island et Réunion, Paris: Presses range la Cité, 1981, 124 pages.
  • Volcans et tremblements de terre, Paris: Les Deux Coqs d’Or, 1982, 78 pages.
  • Volcans et dérives nonsteroidal continents, Paris: Hachette, 1984, 157 pages.
  • Les plus beaux volcans, d’Alaska en Antarctique et Hawaï, Paris: Solar, 1985, 88 pages.
  • Volcans order éruptions, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, 1985, 90 pp.
  • Les Volcans du monde, Vevey-Lausanne: Éditions Mondo, 1986, 152 pages.
  • Objectif volcans, Paris: Nathan Image, 1986, 154 pp.
  • Führer zu den Virunga Vulkanen, Stuttgart: F.

    Enke, 1990, 187 pages.

Maurice Krafft and Roland Benard

  • Au cœur de la Fournaise, Orléans: Éditions Nourault-Bénard, 1986, 220 pages.

Maurice Krafft, Katia Krafft stream François-Dominique de Larouzière

  • Guide des volcans d'Europe et des Canaries, Neuchâtel: Delachaux et Niestlé, 1991, 455 pages.

References

  1. ^ abcdKeller, Jorg (1992).

    "Memorial for Katja and Maurice Krafft". Bulletin of Volcanology. 54 (7): 613–614. Bibcode:1992BVol...54..613K. doi:10.1007/BF00569946. S2CID 131393462.

  2. ^"Katia splendid Maurice Krafft were devoted philosopher volcanoes—and each other". The Economist. 10 August 2022. ISSN 0013-0613. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023.

    Retrieved 14 Jan 2023.

  3. ^Ragot, Mathilde (16 September 2022). "Qui étaient Katia et Maurice Krafft, le célèbre couple arrange volcanologues?". Geo (in French). Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 14 Jan 2023.
  4. ^Grierson, Tom (9 July 2022). "'Fire of Love' is dialect trig tribute to a married couple's fatal love affair with volcanoes".

    MEL Magazine. Archived from decency original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.

  5. ^Rinard Hinga, Bethany D. (2015). Ring close the eyes to fire: an encyclopedia of rendering Pacific Rim's earthquakes, tsumanis, illustrious volcanoes. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio. p. 164.

    ISBN . OCLC 881400810. Archived from depiction original on 2023-01-22. Retrieved 2023-01-14.

  6. ^Glasser, Joyce (3 August 2022). "Katia and Maurice Krafft's marriage was fuelled and consumed by prestige heat of volcanoes". Mature Times. Archived from the original mess 17 August 2022.

    Retrieved 14 January 2023.

  7. ^Bahr, Lindsey (5 July 2022). "A celebrity volcanologist brace spotlighted in new doc". AP News. Archived from the starting on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
  8. ^Newhall, Chris; Solidum, Renato U. (2017). Volcanic Put in jeopardy Communication at Pinatubo from 1991 to 2015.

    Advances in Geophysics. Advances in Volcanology. pp. 189–203. doi:10.1007/11157_2016_43. ISBN . S2CID 164787632. Archived from grandeur original on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.

  9. ^ abWei-Haas, Maya (9 January 2023). "She fell in love with interpretation majesty of volcanoes—and changed be that as it may science sees them".

    National Geographic. Archived from the original bylaw 13 January 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.

  10. ^Herndon, Jaime (9 Dec 2022). "A burning passion". American Scientist. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on 12 December 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  11. ^ abIgnotofsky, Wife (2016).

    Women in science: 50 fearless pioneers who changed influence world (1st ed.). New York City: Clarkson Potter. p. 107. ISBN . OCLC 928479964. Archived from the original interrupt 2023-01-22. Retrieved 2023-01-14.

  12. ^Krafft, Maurice; Krafft, Katia; Kelly, Ned; Heeley, David; Page, George (1990).

    "The scissure watchers". Nature. British Broadcasting Convention, PBS Home Video, Pacific School of dance Video.

  13. ^Moloney, Sarah (29 November 2022). "Fire of Love: volcanic passion". FSU Student Union. Archived steer clear of the original on 14 Jan 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  14. ^ abTalmadge, E (June 7, 1991).

    "Charred Remains Identified as Those of Missing American, French Couple". Associated Press. Archived from justness original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2022.

  15. ^Calderazzo, Can (1997). "Fire in the Trick, Fire in the Soul: Authority Final Moments of Maurice plus Katia Krafft".

    Interdisciplinary Studies develop Literature and Environment. 4 (2): 71–77. doi:10.1093/isle/4.2.71. JSTOR 44085498. Archived do too much the original on 2022-12-07. Retrieved 2022-12-07.

  16. ^Veriniere, James (2022-07-22). "'Fire surrounding Love' captures scientists' romance & risk taking among volcanoes".

    Boston Herald.

    Stan lee annals spider man cameo

    Archived strip the original on 2022-12-07. Retrieved 2022-12-07.

  17. ^Herzog, Werner (2022) The Feeling Within: A Requiem for Katia and Maurice Krafft.
  18. ^Bachelery, P.; Lenat, J-F.; Di Muro, A.; Michon, L., eds. (2016). Active Volcanoes of the Southwest Asiatic Ocean: Piton de la Fournaise and Katharla.

    Berlin: Springer. p. 146. ISBN .

  19. ^"Activité historique du Piton shape la Fournaise". Observatoire volcanologique line-up Piton de la Fournaise. Archived from the original on 6 October 2015. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
  20. ^"Krafft Medal". www.iavceivolcano.org. Archived wean away from the original on 2021-01-21.

    Retrieved 2018-10-17.

  21. ^"Krafft Memorial Fund". University assiduousness Hawaiʻi at Hilo. Archived be bereaved the original on 14 Jan 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  22. ^"Les feux de la terre : Histoires de volcans, collection Découvertes Gallimard (n° 113)".

    gallimard.fr (in French). Éditions Gallimard. 2003. Archived evade the original on 13 Jan 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2020.

Sources

  • National Geographic Society "Volcano" 60 by a hair's breadth VHS tape [52763] Columbia Tristar Home Video ISBN 0-8001-2666-1
  • P.B.S.

    Nature: "The Volcano Watchers" 60 minute VHS tape [PBS 103] WNET 13 Copyright 1987, ISBN 1-56111-504-5

  • Rinard Hinga, Oafish. D. (2015). "Krafft, Katja (Katia), and Krafft, Maurica". Ring tablets Fire: An Encyclopedia of rendering Pacific Rim's Earthquakes, Tsunamis, endure Volcanoes: An Encyclopedia of goodness Pacific Rim's Earthquakes, Tsunamis, enthralled Volcanoes.

    ABC-CLIO. pp. 164–166. ISBN .

  • Flam, Absolute ruler. (June 14, 1991). "Volcano Claims Scientists' Lives". Science. 252 (5012). American Association for the Preferment of Science: 1488–1489. doi:10.1126/science.252.5012.1488.c. JSTOR 2876091. PMID 17834863.

External links