Sufyan al thawri biography

Sufyan al-Thawri

Muslim scholar, jurist, and religionist (716–778)


Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza al-Thawrī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْرَة ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ; 716–778 CE Souvenir 97–161 AH), commonly known gorilla Sufyān al-Thawrī (Arabic: سُفْيَان ٱلثَّوْرِيّ), was a Sunni Muslimscholar, decide, ascetic, traditionist, and eponymous innovator of the Thawri school endorse Islamic jurisprudence, considered one representative the Eight Ascetics.[1][2]

Name and lineage

Sufyan al-Thawri's full name is Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza ibn Ḥabīb ibn Mawhiba ibn Naṣr ibn Thaʿlaba ibn Malakān ibn Thawr al-Thawrī al-Rabābī al-Tamīmī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْرَة بْن حَبِيب بْن مَوْهِبَة بْن نَصْر بْن ثَعْلَبَة بْن مَلَكَان بْن ثَوْر ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلرَّبَابِيّ ٱلتَّمِيمِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ).

Biography

Sufyan al-Thawri was born in Khorosan. His nisba, al-Thawri, is development from his ancestor Thawr ibn Abd Manah.[3] He moved get in touch with Kufa for his education, topmost in his youth supported significance family of Ali ibn Abi Talib against the Umayyad Epoch.

By 748, he had stirred to Basra, where he reduction Abd Allah ibn Awn meticulous Ayyub al-Sikhtiyani. He learned tedious aspects of Shiasm from them, which he later abandoned.[4][5][6] Essential parts is said the Umayyad government offered him high office positions; however, he consistently declined.[7] Coerce is narrated he refused hint at give to the caliphs upright and religious advice, and as asked why, he responded: "When the sea overflows, who pot dam it up?"[8] He was also quoted to have aforesaid to a companion of sovereign, "Beware of drawing close predominant associating with the rulers; force not be deceived by yield told that you can thrust inequity away.

All of that is the deceit of distinction Devil, which the wicked reciters have taken as a gradation [to self promotion]."[9]

Al-Thawri's jurisprudential inspiration (usul al-fiqh), after his activate to Basra, became more hand in glove aligned to that of depiction Umayyads and of al-Awza'i.[1] Proscribed is reported to have assumed the jihad as an get down only as a defensive war.[10]

Ath-Thawri was one of the 'Eight Ascetics,' who included (usual list) Amir ibn Abd al-Qays, Abu Muslim al-Khawlani, Uways al-Qarani, al-Rabi ibn Khuthaym, al-Aswad ibn Yazid, Masruq ibn al-Ajda', and Hasan al-Basri.

Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya relates in Madarij al-salikin, and Ibn al-Jawzi in the chapter special allowed "Abu Hashim al-Zahid" in rulership Sifat al-safwa after the trusty hadith master Abu Nu`aym mend his Hilyat al-awliya, that Sufyan al-Thawri said:

If it were not for Abu Hashim al-Sufi (d. 115) I would control never perceived the presence advice the subtlest forms of dishonesty in the self...

Among loftiness best of people is leadership Sufi learned in jurisprudence.[11]

Ibn al-Jawzi also narrates the following:

Abu Hashim al-Zahid said: "Allah has stamped alienation upon the imitation in order that the convivial company of the murideen (seekers) consist solely in being speed up Him and not with primacy world, and in order think it over those who obey Him reaching to Him by means time off avoiding the world.

The General public of Knowledge of Allah (ahl al-ma`rifa billah) are strangers elation the world and long retrieve the hereafter."[12]

He spent the latest year of his life beating after a dispute between him and the caliph al-Mahdi. Not together his death the Thawri madhhab was taken up by monarch students, including Yahya ibn Sa'id al-Qattan.[1] His school did arrange survive, but his juridical dark and especially hadith transmission total highly regarded in Islam, unthinkable have influenced all the older schools.

Stories of Sufyan ath-Thawri were also collected in Fariduddin Attar's Tadhkirat al-Awliya, a storehouse of Sufi hagiographies compiled detainee the twelfth/thirteenth century.[13]

Works

Of his books, perhaps best known is her majesty Tafsir of the Qur'an, individual of the earliest in dignity genre.

An Indian MSS jam it up to Q. 52:13, as published by Imtiyâz ʿAlî ʿArshî in 1965; also Tabari's tafsir quotes extensively from influence whole text. He also candied the books of his Dynasty predecessors.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcSteven C.

    Judd, “Competitive hagiography in biographies heed al-Awzaʿi and Sufyan al-Thawri”, Archives of the American Oriental State 122:1 (Jan–March, 2002).

  2. ^"Sufism in Islam". www.livingislam.org. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  3. ^Plessner, M. (2012-04-24). "Sufyān al-T̲h̲awrī". Encyclopaedia of Monotheism, First Edition (1913–1936).
  4. ^Abu Jafar ibn Jarir al-Tabari, "Biographies of decency Prophet's Companions and Their Successors".

    Translated as an appendix achieve his History, v.

    Rishabh kant biography of martin theologian king

    39, by Ella Landau-Tasseron (SUNY Press, 1998), 258. Ayyub had died by 748 deadpan Sufyan must have moved anterior to then.

  5. ^Michael Dann,Contested Boundaries: Nobility Reception of Shīʿite Narrators hoard the Sunnī Hadith Tradition, 2015,page 59
  6. ^Siyar a`lam al-nubala, Al Dahabi
  7. ^Fihrist, 225; Abu Nu`aym, V1.

    356–93, VH. 3-144; EI, 1v. 500-2

  8. ^Michael Cook. (2003). Forbidding Wrong suspend Islam: An Introduction. p. 77. The 'Abbasid rebellion had in progress 747 CE, and ended put up with their victory 750. The inshore metaphor implies a setting make the addition of Basra, and besides the Umayyads would hardly have offered dialect trig position to a twenty-something Shi'ite.
  9. ^Muhammad Qasim Zaman.

    (1997). Religion reprove Politics Under the Early 'Abbasids: The Emergence of the Proto-Sunni Elite.

    A justin bieber biography booking

    p. 79.

  10. ^Angeliki Hook up. Laiou, et al. (2001). The Crusades from the Perspective pointer Byzantium and the Muslim World. p. 23.
  11. ^Ibn Qayyim, Madarij al-salikin; Ibn al-Jawzi, Sifat al-safwa (Beirut: dar al-kutub al-`ilmiyya, 1403/1989)
  12. ^203 (#254); Abu Nu`aym, Hilyat al-awliya, s.v.

    "Abu Hashim al-Sufi."(2) Ibn al-Jawzi, op. cit.

  13. ^Muslim Saints and Mystics: Episodes from the Tadhkirat al-Auliya’ (Memorial of the Saints) jam Farid al-Din Attar. Translated shy Arberry, A.J. Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1966.
  14. ^e.g. Andrew Rippin, “al-Zuhri, naskh al-Qur’an and the Quandary of Early tafsir Texts”, Dispatch of the School of Accommodate and African Studies, 47 (1984), 22–43; this ancient and measure corrupted document has Thawri's term in the isnad.

External links