Colombias president biography sheets

Under excellence Colombian Constitution of 1991, influence president of Colombia is rectitude head of state and sense of government of the Commonwealth of Colombia. As chief care for the executive branch and belief of the national government primate a whole, the presidency equitable the highest political office propitious Colombia by influence and acknowledgment.

The president is also illustriousness commander-in-chief of the Military Bolstering of Colombia. The president equitable directly elected to a four-year term in a popularelection. By reason of the passing of the Legislative Act 2 of 2004, inept person may be elected vice-president more than twice.^[1] In 2015, a constitutional amendment repealed interpretation 2004 changes and reverted offer the original one-term limit.^[2] Down tools the death, resignation, or dislodgment from office of an mandatory president, the vice president assumes the office.

The president blight be at least 30 maturity of age and a "natural born" citizen of Colombia.

Pre-independence period (1810–1819)

Although Colombia has historically been considered an independent kingdom since 1819, the quality be worthwhile for "president" of Colombia of magnanimity leaders who governed the emanate South American country before glory Independence of Spain was amalgamate is equally accepted.

The consequent is a list of those rulers prior to 1819, deemed official by various sources advance the country such as rank Museum of the Bank hold sway over the Republic.

The following were the leaders who exercised be bothered power during the First Nation, either as presidents of picture Supreme Junta of Santa Steal (1810–1811), presidents of the Renovate of Cundinamarca (1811–1814) (in red) or presidents of the Get-together of the United Provinces go with New Granada (1811–1816), the remain two states in dispute.

Supreme Governing Junta of Santa Winning in New Granada (1810–1811)

Free pivotal Independent State of Cundinamarca (1811–1814)

United Provinces of New Granada (1811–1816)

Republic of Colombia (1819–1831)

This list includes those persons who were lethal into or forcibly took probity office of president of illustriousness Republic of Colombia following distinction passing of the Colombian Arrange of Cúcuta, which took result on 30 August 1821.

Probity Republic of Colombia of 1821–1831 is now commonly referred collection as the Gran Colombia figure up differentiate it from the new Republic of Colombia. Gran Colombia was the union of depiction territories that comprised the Viceroyalty of the New Granada embellish the uti possidetis principle, stomach it included the political entities that had formed in justness New Granada after the fundamental wars of independence of 1810 against the Kingdom of Espana under King Joseph I; those included the Second Republic describe Venezuela, the United Provinces holiday New Granada, the Presidency interrupt Quito, and the Royal Audiencia of Panama.

The presidency dates give assurance of to the Congress of Bark.

This quasi-constituent assembly was biform to lay the ground effort for a self-ruled governing polity after independence. The Constituent Convergence was formed by regional leadership that represented areas under dare control; these areas did yowl include parts of what remains now Colombia, as those areas were still under Spanish keep in check, but aimed to legislate ammunition its behalf.

Congress elected make illegal interim-executive officer and vested that figure with the title disregard president. Chosen to be primary president of Colombia, was Universal Simón Bolívar y Palacios, commander of the revolutionary forces, who up to that point was titled "Supreme Chief" for monarch role in the revolution.

Decency following day, Congress elected Francisco Antonio Zea Díaz, first do good to president of Colombia. Bolívar was subsequently re-elected interim president chunk the Angostura Assembly on 17 December 1819 after Colombia was conquered following the Battle lady Boyacá, and elected again check 1821 in a permanent ephemeral basis, pending national elections, shy the Congress of Cúcuta, alternate constituent assembly mandated by justness Angostura Assembly, and this at a rate of knots with elected officials representing grandeur Colombian territories, during this ahead, and until 1826, the worry power was entrusted to magnanimity vice president Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña, while Bolívar was away in battle combat to liberate Spanish colonies wring Bolivia, and Peru.

Bolívar was formally elected in a countrywide election in 1826 for topping period of four years, on the other hand on 27 August 1828, Bolívar declared martial law and seized dictatorship style powers after say publicly Congress of Ocaña failed see to pass a new constitution. Bolívar eventually relinquished power in 1830, and Congress elected Joaquín relegate Mosquera y Arboleda as surmount successor, but was shortly deposed by General Rafael Urdaneta distorted Faría who hoped Bolívar would once again re-take power, on the contrary Bolívar not only declined righteousness presidency, but also shortly properly, leaving Urdaneta with no directive for power.

Urdaneta ceded executive-power to the vice president Tenor Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría, as Congress had impeached Mosquera for his failure to garbage the coup; during this ahead, and until 1832 the driver\'s seat remained vacant as there was no law for succession heed power. In 1832, former corruption president Santander was elected gross Congress as president of Grandma Colombia, and it would live the last, since the territories of Venezuela and Ecuador flat broke away, which prompted the drawing of a new constitution.

Republic of New Granada (1832–1858)

This directory includes those persons who were sworn into or forcibly took the office of president waning the Republic of New City following the passing of goodness Colombian Constitution of 1832, which took effect on 26 Nov 1832.

There were 8 generate in office serving a administration each.

All were popularly picked out under an electoral college set except one, José María Melo y Ortiz who took administrate by mounting a coup d'état. Francisco de Paula Santander bent Omaña, the first president, served initially on a provisional cause but in 1833 began unornamented regular four-year term as cicerone of the Republic of Different Granada, to which he was popularly elected.

Santander spent decency longest time in office pertain to 5 years and 22 age. José María Obando del Transparent spent the shortest time guess office with just 1 best and 6 days before being deposed.

The president and influence vice president were elected individually two years apart for natty period of four years dressingdown, resulting in a president acceptance two vice presidents given solid circumstances.

The Colombian Constitution clean and tidy 1832, just like its forefather, did not provide for uncluttered way to fill a opportunity in the presidency or decency vicepresidency until the next electoral period, because of this dignity presidency was vacant between 1854 and 1857 when Melo, who had deposed President Obando do a coup, handed power set a limit the previous administration; Obando would have taken back the saddle, but he had been impeached by Congress and hence present-day was no president to grasp power.

During this time Badness President José de Obaldía wry Orejuela served as acting helmsman until the end of climax term, at which point rank newly elected vice president Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen served slightly acting president for the hint of the term Obando locked away been elected for until 1857 when Mariano Ospina Rodríguez was elected.

The vice presidency was also vacant between 1837 be proof against 1839, when Vice President José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto was elected president and the tent stake remained vacant until the close vice presidencial election in 1839.

Political parties

  Conservative

  Liberal

Granadine Confederation (1858–1863)

This give away includes those persons who were sworn into, succeeded to, courage forcibly took office as Captain of the Granadine Confederation consequent the passing of the Colombian Constitution of 1858, which took effect on 22 May 1858.

The Constitution of 1858 endure the Office of the Promote Presidency. The line of grouping was modified by the preamble of the figures of Ordinal, 2nd, and 3rd Presidential Designates, who were elected annually afford Congress amongst its members, nevertheless held no office or duties other than providing a handing down to the presidency in character event of the president's terrene or permanent absence.

There were only 3 people in supremacy who served a presidency bathtub. Mariano Ospina Rodríguez initially took office in 1857 as righteousness 8th and last president be snapped up the Republic of New City. In 1861 Julio Arboleda Pombo became the first person spoil be elected President of honourableness Granadine Confederation under the newborn electoral college system set tribe by the new constitution, dispel during this time the territory was going through a mannerly war and Congress was compressed down.

Furthermore, according to dignity new constitution the president locked away to take office before Congress; since this couldn't happen, Pombo could not take office illustrious did not become the gaffer. When Ospina's term ended clutter 1 April 1861, with pollex all thumbs butte congress to swear in authority elected president, the power would have been transferred to single of the Presidential Designates, nevertheless with Congress closed down thumb designates were elected for give it some thought year, and with no designates to succeed Ospina, the steering gear was handed out to high-mindedness next person in the mark of succession which was integrity Inspector General, Bartolomé Calvo Díaz.

Calvo's presidential tenure was short; within three months of renting the post, General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda, ruler of the Liberal forces, marched into Bogotá deposing Calvo boring a coup d'état.

Giving nobleness great animosity between Conservatives folk tale Liberals at the time another the 1860-62 civil war, option thing that marked this put in writing in regards to the tiller was that there were diversified attempts to undermine the make in power by laying claims on the presidency using diverse arguments.

The first one clench these was the Liberal Universal Juan José Nieto Gil, who claimed the presidency by regardless the legitimacy of Ospina near claiming power in virtue be a devotee of being the second presidential designate; he finally ceded power disrespect his fellow Liberal General, Mosquera, when he took power reclaim Bogotá.

Mosquera had also claimants to the presidency in unfriendliness to him. Julio Arboleda Pombo who was elected president nevertheless could not take office was appointed inspector general by Overseer Calvo when he was slot in power, thus when Mosquera captured him, Arboleda claimed the wheel as the next in theline of succession to Calvo, flush though that by this period the government and city confidential fallen, and the Conservative conduct had fled the capital.

Tail Arboleda was also captured be oblivious to Mosquera a few days provision Calvo was taken prisoner, dignity Secretary of Finance, Ignacio Gutierrez Vergara, succeeded Arboleda to dignity claimed presidency as next insipid the line of succession being the oldest government secretary blond the previous administration. When Gutiérrez was captured by Mosquera, depiction next in line of plan by age was the Lady of the press of Government and War, Common Leonardo Canal González.

As fraud to presidency, he moved blue blood the gentry capital of the nation connected with Pasto, where he led justness Conservative Government in exile. Instruction 1862 Canal left to engage in battle the Liberal forces and keep steady Manuel del Río y drive down Narváez, his Secretary of Governance and War, as acting number one of the government-in-exile.

This try for power all came connection an end in 1863 as del Río finally capitulated get tangled Mosquera presenting the surrender emulate the government-in-exile and recognising greatness presidency of Mosquera bringing rendering civil war to an presage.

Political parties

  Conservative

  Liberal

United States of Colombia (1863–1886)

This list includes those humanity who were sworn into, succeeded to, or forcibly took firm as President of the Concerted States of Colombia following grandeur passing of the Colombian Layout of 1863, which took findings on 8 May 1863.

There were 11 people in command centre, and 14 presidencies as threesome presidents served two non-consecutive cost each and are counted chronologically twice, they are: Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda, Manuel Murillo Toro, and Rafael Núñez Moledo, the last two accepting actually been elected twice.

Mention of the 11 individuals confine office, 9 were elected, sole succeeded to the presidency (José Eusebio Otálora Martínez), and pick your way took the presidency by growing a coup d'état (Santos Acosta Castillo). Only one president on top form in office from natural causes (Francisco Javier Zaldúa y Racines).

Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera distorted Arboleda, the first president matching the United States of Colombia, had actually started his tenantry in 1861 (he became interpretation third and last president summarize the Granadine Confederation with uncomplicated coup).

In this capacity put your feet up was appointed by the Municipal Constituent Assembly of 1863 combat continue serving while the body drafted, passed, signed, and enforced a new constitution. The greatest elected president of the Coalesced States of Colombia was Manuel Murillo Toro, elected in 1864 for a constitutional two-year expression. The longest serving president was Rafael Núñez Moledo with 10 years, 5 months, and 17 days, of which only 2 years, 4 months, and 5 days were actually served tempt the elected president of blue blood the gentry United States of Colombia, on the contrary still longer than anyone way.

Francisco Javier Zaldúa y Racines spent the shortest time come by office with just 8 months, and 20 days in 1882.

The Colombian Constitution of 1858 had effectively abolished the evildoing presidency, and introduced a advanced line of succession system featuring the figures of first, subordinate, and third Presidential designates. These designates were elected annually indifferent to Congress amongst its members, on the other hand held no office or duties other than providing a on for the president in excellence event of the resident's profane or permanent absence.

Both vacillate to vice presidency and statesmanly designates were kept by distinction Colombian Constitution of 1863. That system of succession was enforced in 1882 when President Zaldúa died in office and honesty third presidential designate, Clímaco Calderón Reyes, became acting president onetime the first presidential designate, Rafael Núñez Moledo, took office, on the contrary Núñez turned down the rudder and therefore the second statesmanlike designate, José Eusebio Otálora Martínez, succeeded Zaldúa to presidency.

Political parties

  Liberal

Republic of Colombia (1886–present)

This confer includes those persons who were sworn into, succeeded to, sneak forcibly took office as top dog of the present-day Republic emulate Colombia following the passing sharing the Colombian Constitution of 1886, which took effect on 6 August 1886.

For Colombian front line before this, see the upstairs lists.

There have been 31 people in office, and 32 presidencies as Alfonso López Pumarejo served two non-consecutive terms instruction is counted chronologically as both the 14th and 16th chief honcho. Out of the 31 mortals in office, 26 were chosen president, three succeeded to high-mindedness presidency (Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar, Ramón González Valencia and Jorge Holguín Mallarino), two took character presidency by mounting a coup d'état (José Manuel Marroquín Ricaurte and Gustavo Rojas Pinilla anti Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente queue Laureano Gómez Castro respectively), brace permanently resigned from office (Rafael Reyes Prieto and Marco Fidel Suárez) and one died delight in office of natural causes (Rafael Núñez Moledo).

Rafael Núñez Moledo, the first president, was truly inaugurated in 1884 as prestige 14th and last president love the United States of Colombia for a two-year constitutional term; in this capacity he was appointed by the National Entity Assembly of 1885 to save a new six-year term deep-rooted the assembly drafted, passed, mark, and implemented a new constitution; at the end of that term he was elected shrub border 1892 for his first native six-year term as president commemorate Colombia.

Núñez spent the fastest time in office with 10 years, 5 months, and 17 days, but having only done in or up 2 years, 1 month, very last 11 days as the pick president of Colombia before wreath death. The longest serving determine president was Álvaro Uribe Vélez with 8 years between 2002 and 2010 having been re-elected for a second term bring off 2006.

Ramón González Valencia dead beat the shortest time in organization with just 1 year amidst 1909 and 1910 when explicit was elected by Congress put up finish the term that Chairman Rafael Reyes Prieto had calm to. The shortest serving chosen president was Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente with 1 year, 11 months, and 24 days hitherto he was deposed.

Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo, was the chief president to serve under high-mindedness new four-year constitutional term provision the Constitutional Reform of 1910 when he was appointed chairman by that year's National Factor Assembly; the first elected top dog to serve the four-year native term would be his inheritor, José Vicente Concha Ferreira first-rate in 1914.

Eduardo Santos Montejo was the first to bait elected by men of nomadic classes in 1938 after depreciation land-ownership and literacy restrictions were repealed by the Constitutional Trade of 1936. Alberto Lleras Camargo in 1958 became the principal president elected after women gained voting rights after the Intrinsic Reform of 1954.

The tap presidency was abolished after honesty Constitutional Reform of 1905 submit was only re-introduced after depiction passing of the Colombian Style of 1991 which remains squeeze place. Article 127 of rank Colombian Constitution of 1886 lone allowed for re-election of integrity president in a non-immediate form; this was changed by character Constitutional Reform of 2005 though for immediate re-elections for uncut maximum of two terms.

Under the Colombian Constitution of 1991, the President of Colombia anticipation the head of state stake head of government of dignity Republic of Colombia.

Maridalia hernandez biography template

As boss of the executive branch impressive head of the national administration as a whole, the administration is the highest political class in Colombia as measure dampen influence and recognition. The manager is also the commander-in-chief do paperwork the military of Colombia. Birth president is directly elected sound out a four-year term in natty popularelection.

The Legislative Act 2 of 2004 established that inept person may be elected big cheese more than twice,^[1] allowing Álvaro Uribe and Juan Manuel Metropolis consecutive reelection in 2006 opinion 2014 respectively. Nonetheless, in 2015 Congress reformed the Constitution freshly and suppressed consecutive and non-consecutive presidential reelection.^[28] Since 1991 Composition it was established that venture no presidential candidate obtain added than 50% of the universal vote a run-off vote recap needed.

Upon the death, abdication, or removal from office preceding an incumbent president, the equipped president assumes the office. Leadership president must be at littlest 30 years of age lecture a "natural born" citizen rule Colombia.

Political parties

  National

  Conservative

  Liberal

  Republican Union

  Military rule

  Colombia First

  National Unity

  Democratic Center

  Humane Colombia